Formatting Guidelines

1. General Principles

Orun is an international peer-reviewed academic journal whose primary focus is lexicography; however, it also publishes scholarly articles from all areas of linguistics (etymology, semantics, morphology, etc.) provided they are related to lexicography, as well as book reviews and evaluations, research notes, interviews, translations, and text publications, and is open to interdisciplinary studies. The rules below rest on the principles of simplifying the submission process for authors, ensuring a sound peer review and applying a consistent academic format to all accepted articles.

2. Submission Process and Format

The journal adopts an author-friendly publication process. Full compliance with the strict formatting rules is not required at initial submission; these rules apply only to accepted articles. This practice aims to prevent the author from having to reformat the same work for different journals and to keep the review process focused on content.

2.1 Minimum Requirements at First Submission

• File format: .docx (main text) and .docx (Title Page); two separate files.
• Page layout: A4, at least 15 pt line spacing, a readable typeface, justified alignment.
• In terms of citation style, -provided that the specific preferences of the journal listed below are taken into account- we recommend using the Chicago Manual of Style 18th edition (notes and bibliography); at first submission any consistent citation system is accepted.
• Title, abstract and keywords in Turkish and English for every manuscript (see § 5).
• ORCID identifier for all authors.
• Ethics committee approval document for research that requires it.
• For blind review, author information must not appear in the main text file; this information is placed only in the Title Page.
• Explicit declaration if AI tools have been used (see § 11).

2.2 Full Format After Acceptance

Once your work is accepted, the author is required to fully comply with the page format set out in § 3, -provided that the specific preferences of the journal listed below are taken into account- we recommend using the Chicago Manual of Style 18th edition (notes and bibliography) citation style defined in § 7 and the rules for legal-source adaptation set out in § 8. At this stage the journal templates are sent to the author.

3. Page and Document Format

• Page size: A4 (210 × 297 mm)
• Margins: 2.5 cm on all sides
• Typeface: Times New Roman 11 pt
• Line spacing: at least 15 pt
• Paragraph indent: None
• Alignment: Justified
• Footnotes: Times New Roman 9 pt, single spacing
• Page numbers: Bottom-centre

4. Article Types and Length

Word counts include abstract, main text, footnotes and references. Tables and figures are not included.

5. Title, Author Information, Abstract and Keywords

Author information (name, affiliation, ORCID, email, correspondence address) appears only on the Title Page; the main text file must be stripped of author information for blind review.

• Title: Up to 15 words; a subtitle may follow a colon; 12 pt, bold, centered, with the first letter of each word capitalized.
• Abstract: 150–250 words, a single paragraph, no subheadings. A structured abstract is preferred: context, aim, method, findings and contribution in that order. The “Öz” and “Abstract” headings should be centered, 10 pt, with the first letter capitalized.
• Keywords: 3–7 terms, lowercase, separated by commas.
• Bilingual presentation: Each manuscript must contain title, abstract and keywords in both Turkish and English.

6. Text Structure and Heading Hierarchy

The structure of the manuscript depends on the type of work but at a minimum includes introduction, body sections (with subheadings), conclusion and references. Empirical work follows the IMRaD (Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion) structure.

• First-level headings: 11 pt, bold, centered, with the first letter of each word capitalized
• Second and subsequent level headings: 11 pt, bold, left-aligned, with only the first letter of the first word capitalized

7. Citation Style — Chicago Manual of Style

While the journal adopts the principles of the Chicago Manual of Style 18th edition (notes and bibliography) as its academic citation system, certain adjustments have been made to account for the specific characteristics of the Turkish language, in contrast to the aforementioned system.

Differences According to the Chicago Manual of Style

• All last names are written in uppercase. The letters following the first letter of the last name are written 2 point smaller than the first letter: TOPALOĞLU
• The abbreviation “sy.” (issue) is placed after the journal issue number, not before it, and a period is added after the issue number to indicate “th”: 15. sy. (This rule applies only to texts written in Turkish.)
• When giving page ranges, numbers are written in full without abbreviations: 333-339, not 333-39
• The phrase “in” used in citations of encyclopedia entries, book chapters, etc., is placed after the title of the work, not before it: Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi içinde (This rule applies only to texts written in Turkish.)
• A comma is placed between the journal name and the volume number: Lexikos 34, not Lexikos, 34,
• When citing multi-volume books, the volume designation is indicated using the abbreviation “c.” after the number. The total number of volumes is given in parentheses after this designation: 1. c. (3) (This rule applies only to texts written in Turkish.)
• In publications with multiple authors, a comma is not placed before the word “ve” when listing the authors’ names: TEKİN, Talât, Mehmet ÖLMEZ, Emine CEYLAN, Zuhal ÖLMEZ ve Süer EKER (This rule applies only to texts written in Turkish.)

In the Turkish text, “ve” is used; “&” is not used. Page numbers are indicated as “s.”; “p.” or “ss.” are not used.

With the exception of these cases, the citation system outlined in the Chicago Manual of Style 18th edition (notes and bibliography) must be followed exactly. Examples of how to use this citation system in footnotes and the bibliography -including how to cite a work when it first appears in a footnote, the next time it appears, when it appears consecutively, and in the bibliography- are provided below (see Commonly Cited Source Types).

7.1 Direct and Block Quotation

• Quotation under 40 words: Within the text in double quotation marks; the citation appears in parentheses at the end of the quotation.
• Quotation of 40 words or more (block quotation): No quotation marks; indented 1.27 cm from the left; the citation appears in parentheses after the final full stop of the block.
• Page number is required in direct quotations.

7.2 Secondary Sources

Secondary-source citation is used only when the primary source is unavailable. Only the source actually read (the secondary source) is included in the reference list. The author is expected to seek the primary source where possible.

7.3 In-Text Citation

In accordance with the guidelines of the Chicago Manual of Style 18th edition (notes and bibliography), in-text citations are not permitted; all citations must be included in footnotes in the format specified by the Chicago Manual of Style 18th edition (notes and bibliography).

8. Reference List

• Heading: “References” (in English manuscripts), “Kaynaklar” (in Turkish manuscripts).
• Order: Alphabetical by author surname.
• Hanging indent: First line flush left; subsequent lines indented 1.27 cm.
• DOI: Always included where available, in the form https://doi.org/...
• All in-text citations must appear in the reference list and every entry in the reference list must be cited in the text.

9.1 Common Source Types

1. Book

1.1. Single author

• in the first footnote: Mustafa S. KAÇALİN, Oğuzların Diliyle Dedem Korkudun Kitabı (Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 2017), 145.

• in the next footnote: KAÇALİN, Oğuzların Diliyle, 130.

• in consecutive footnotes: KAÇALİN, 130.

• in the references: KAÇALİN, Mustafa S. Oğuzların Diliyle Dedem Korkudun Kitabı. Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 2017.

1.2. Two authors

• in the first footnote: Yaşar ÖNEN ve Cemil Ziya ŞANBEY, Almanca-Türkçe Sözlük (Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 2020), 85.

• in the next footnote: ÖNEN ve ŞANBEY, Almanca-Türkçe Sözlük, 97.

• in consecutive footnotes: ÖNEN ve ŞANBEY, 130.

• in the references: ÖNEN, Yaşar ve Cemil Ziya ŞANBEY. Almanca-Türkçe Sözlük. Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 2020.

1.3. Three authors

• in the first footnote: Sevinç KAROL, Cevat AYVALI ve Zekiye SULUDERE, Biyoloji Terimleri Sözlüğü (Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1998), 120.

• in the next footnote: KAROL, AYVALI ve SULUDERE, Biyoloji Terimleri Sözlüğü, 130.

• in consecutive footnotes: KAROL, AYVALI ve SULUDERE, 130.

• in the references: KAROL, Sevinç, Cevat AYVALI ve Zekiye SULUDERE. Biyoloji Terimleri Sözlüğü. Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1998.

1.4. More than three authors

• in the first footnote: Talât TEKİN vd., Türkmence-Türkçe Sözlük (Ankara: Simurg, 1995), 120.

• in the next footnote: TEKİN vd., Türkmence-Türkçe Sözlük, 157.

• in consecutive footnotes: TEKİN vd., 130.

• in the references: TEKİN, Talât, Mehmet ÖLMEZ, Emine CEYLAN, Zuhal ÖLMEZ ve Süer EKER. Türkmence-Türkçe Sözlük. Ankara: Simurg, 1995.

1.5. Compiler, editor, translator

• in the first footnote: VUSÛLÎ, Dîvân [İnceleme-metin-çeviri-açıklamalar-dizin], haz. Hakan TAŞ (Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 2015), 125.

Dolaylı tercüme yapıldığı durumlarda eserin orijinal dilinden tercüme edenler dipnotta “müt.” kaynaklarda “mütercim” şeklinde, tercüme metinden yapılan tercümeler ise hangi dile tercüme edilmişse o dilin adıyla, mesela “Türkçesi” şeklinde, yazılır.

Sigi HUTUHU, Manghol un Niuca Tobca’an (Yüan-ch’ao Pi-shi) = Moğolların Gizli Tarihi Sözlük, müt. Erich HAENISH, Hans-Peter VIETZE ve Herwig Zeuner MTER, Türkçesi Mustafa S. KAÇALİN (Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 2020), 55.

• in the next footnote: VUSÛLÎ, Dîvân, 110.

HUTUHU, Moğolların Gizli Tarihi Sözlük, 58.

• in consecutive footnotes: VUSÛLÎ, 110.

HUTUHU, 130.

• in the references: VUSÛLÎ. Dîvân [İnceleme-metin-çeviri-açıklamalar-dizin]. hazırlayan Hakan TAŞ. Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 2015.

HUTUHU, Sigi. Manghol un Niuca Tobca’an (Yüan-ch’ao Pi-shi) = Moğolların Gizli Tarihi Sözlük. mütercim Erich HAENISH, Hans-Peter VIETZE ve Herwig Zeuner MTER, Türkçesi Mustafa S. KAÇALİN. Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 2020.

1.6. Book chapter

• in the first footnote: Barbara Ann KIPFER, “Glossary of Lexicographic Terms”, The Bloomsbury Handbook of Lexicography içinde, ed. Howard JACKSON, 2. bs (London New York Oxford New Delhi Sydney: Bloomsbury Academic, 2022), 441.

• in the next footnote: KIPFER, “Glossary of Lexicographic Terms”, 445.

• in consecutive footnotes: KIPFER, 447.

• in the references: KIPFER, Barbara Ann. “Glossary of Lexicographic Terms”. The Bloomsbury Handbook of Lexicography içinde, editör Howard JACKSON, 2. bs, 441-457. London New York Oxford New Delhi Sydney: Bloomsbury Academic, 2022.

1.7. Multi-volume works

• in the first footnote: Hüseyin ATAY, İbrahim ATAY, Mustafa ATAY, Arapça-Türkçe Büyük Lûgat, 1. c. (Ankara: Bayrak Matbaası, 1961), 102.

Hasan ŞU‘ÛRÎ _{^{[ö. 1105/1693-1694]}}, Lisânu ’l-Acem Ferheng-i Şu‘ûrî, haz. Ozan YILMAZ, 1. c. (İstanbul: Türkiye Yazma Eserler Kurumu Başkanlığı, 2019), 120.

• in the next footnote: ATAY, ATAY ve ATAY, Arapça-Türkçe Büyük Lûgat, 1:107.

ŞU‘ÛRÎ, Lisânu ’l-Acem, 1:135.

• in consecutive footnotes: ATAY, ATAY ve ATAY, 1:107.

ŞU‘ÛRÎ, 1:135.

• in the references: ATAY, Hüseyin, İbrahim ATAY ve Mustafa ATAY. Arapça-Türkçe Büyük Lûgat. 1. c. (3). Ankara: Bayrak Matbaası, 1961.

ŞU‘ÛRÎ, Hasan _{^{[ö. 1105/1693-1694]}}. Lisânu ’l-Acem Ferheng-i Şu‘ûrî. hazırlayan Ozan YILMAZ. 1. c. (4). İstanbul: Türkiye Yazma Eserler Kurumu Başkanlığı, 2019.

2. Article

2.1. Single author

• in the first footnote: Mehmet ÖLMEZ, “Etimoloji Sözlükleri”, Kebikeç, 6. sy. (1998): 177.

• in the next footnote: ÖLMEZ, “Etimoloji Sözlükleri”, 176.

• in consecutive footnotes: ÖLMEZ, 176.

• in the references: ÖLMEZ, Mehmet. “Etimoloji Sözlükleri”. Kebikeç, 6. sy. (1998): 175-184.

2.2. Two authors

• in the first footnote:  Mustafa S. KAÇALİN ve Ömer ZÜLFE, “Muhammed bin Ahmed’in Ebû’n-Nasâyih’i”, Osmanlı Araştırmaları/The Journal of Ottoman Studies, 38. sy. (2011): 194.

• in the next footnote: KAÇALİN ve ZÜLFE, “Muhammed bin Ahmed’in Ebû’n-Nasâyih’i”, 197.

• in consecutive footnotes: KAÇALİN ve ZÜLFE, 197.

• in the references: KAÇALİN, Mustafa S. ve Ömer ZÜLFE. “Muhammed bin Ahmed’in Ebû’n-Nasâyih’i”. Osmanlı Araştırmaları/The Journal of Ottoman Studies, 38. sy. (2011): 193-212.

2.3. Three authors

• in the first footnote: Iván ARIAS-ARIAS, María José DOMÍNGUEZ VÁZQUEZ ve Carlos VALCÁRCEL RIVEIRO, “Der Effizienz- und Intelligenzbegriff in der Lexikographie und künstlichen Intelligenz: kann ChatGPT die lexikographische Textsorte nachbilden?”, Lexikos, 34 (2024): 55, https://doi.org/10.5788/34-1-1879.

• in the next footnote: ARIAS-ARIAS, DOMÍNGUEZ VÁZQUEZ ve VALCÁRCEL RIVEIRO, “Der Effizienz- und Intelligenzbegriff in der Lexikographie und künstlichen Intelligenz”, 59.

• in consecutive footnotes: ARIAS-ARIAS, DOMÍNGUEZ VÁZQUEZ ve VALCÁRCEL RIVEIRO, 59

• in the references: ARIAS-ARIAS, Iván, María José DOMÍNGUEZ VÁZQUEZ ve Carlos VALCÁRCEL RIVEIRO. “Der Effizienz- und Intelligenzbegriff in der Lexikographie und künstlichen Intelligenz: kann ChatGPT die lexikographische Textsorte nachbilden?” Lexikos, 34 (2024). https://doi.org/10.5788/34-1-1879.

2.4. More than three authors

• in the first footnote: Carole TIBERIUS vd., “A Lexicographic Practice Map of Europe”, International Journal of Lexicography, 37, 1. sy. (28 Şubat 2024): 3, https://doi.org/10.1093/ijl/ecad023.

• in the next footnote: TIBERIUS vd., “A Lexicographic Practice Map of Europe”, 5.

• in consecutive footnotes: TIBERIUS vd., 5.

• in the references: TIBERIUS, Carole, Jelena KALLAS, Svetla KOEVA, Margit LANGEMENTS ve Iztok KOSEM. “A Lexicographic Practice Map of Europe”. International Journal of Lexicography, 37, 1. sy. (28 Şubat 2024): 1-28. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijl/ecad023.

3. Encyclopedia entry

• in the first footnote: M. Naci BOLAY, “Beş Küllî”, Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi içinde (İstanbul: Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı, 1992), 5:545.

• in the next footnote: BOLAY, “Beş Küllî”, 5:545.

• in consecutive footnotes: BOLAY, 5:545.

• in the references: BOLAY, M. Naci. “Beş Küllî”. Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı İslam Ansiklopedisi içinde, 5:545-546. İstanbul: Türkiye Diyanet Vakfı, 1992.

4. Thesis

• in the first footnote: Ahmet ISPARTA, “Metin Oluşturmada Edatların Yeri” (İstanbul, Marmara Üniversitesi, 2010), 170.

• in the next footnote: ISPARTA, “Metin Oluşturmada Edatların Yeri”, 178.

• in consecutive footnotes: ISPARTA, 179.

• in the references: ISPARTA, Ahmet. “Metin Oluşturmada Edatların Yeri”. Marmara Üniversitesi, 2010.

5. Manuscript

• in the first footnote: Mahmûd el-KÂŞGARÎ, Dîvânu Lugâti ’t-Türk, Millet Yazma Eser Kütüphanesi, Ali Emîrî Arabî, 4189. nr., 49a. yr.

• in the next footnote: el-KÂŞGARÎ, Dîvânu Lugâti ’t-Türk, 55a.

• in consecutive footnotes: el-KÂŞGARÎ, 57b.

• in the references: el-KÂŞGARÎ, Mahmûd. Dîvânu Lugâti ’t-Türk. Ali Emîrî Arabî, 4189: 1a-319b. Millet Yazma Eser Kütüphanesi.

6. Web source

• in the first footnote: Burcu ÇALIK, “Türk dilini korumak için bir süzgeç, filtre uygulanmalı”, aa.com.tr, 25 Eylül 2017, https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/turkiye/tdk-baskani-kacalin-turk-dilini-korumak-icin-bir-suzgec-filtre-uygulanmali/918701.

• in the next footnote: ÇALIK, “Türk dilini korumak için bir süzgeç, filtre uygulanmalı”.

• in consecutive footnotes: ÇALIK, “Türk dilini korumak için bir süzgeç, filtre uygulanmalı”.

• in the references: ÇALIK, Burcu. “Türk dilini korumak için bir süzgeç, filtre uygulanmalı”. aa.com.tr, 25 Eylül 2017. https://www.aa.com.tr/tr/turkiye/tdk-baskani-kacalin-turk-dilini-korumak-icin-bir-suzgec-filtre-uygulanmali/918701.

9. Tables, Figures and Images

• Tables and figures are placed immediately after the point in the text where they are first mentioned.
• Each table and figure is numbered: Table 1, Table 2 / Figure 1, Figure 2.
• The table number appears above the table in bold; the title in italics below the number. In a table no vertical lines are used; horizontal lines appear at the top, beneath the header row and at the bottom.
• If a table or figure is taken from another source, attribution is given under it as a “Source.” note; where necessary, copyright permission must have been obtained.
• Images are uploaded at high resolution (minimum 300 dpi).

10. AI Use Declaration

If artificial intelligence tools have been used in the preparation of the work, the name and version of the tool used and the scope of its use (e.g., text generation, source summarisation, language editing, data analysis, code generation) are disclosed under a separate “Artificial Intelligence Use Declaration” heading. This statement appears before the reference list.

Tools used solely for grammar checking or text formatting are exempt from this declaration. For detailed rules see Ethical Principles and Publication Policy § 6.

11. Submission Files

The following files are uploaded separately at submission:

• Main text (.docx): Manuscript stripped of author information, prepared for blind review.
• Title Page (.docx): Author names, affiliations, ORCID, email, conflict of interest, funding, ethics committee approval, AI use declaration, copyright/license declaration and author signatures.
• Ethics committee approval document (where applicable): Committee name, decision number and date for research involving humans or animals.
• Third-party permissions (where applicable): Written permissions for any third-party images, tables or extended quotations.
• Table and figure files (where applicable): Separate high-resolution files.